Short-term changeable influencing factors in blood collection
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Comparable results in blood collection are not only a question of material and collection technique - short-term changeable influencing factors should not be underestimated.
Laboratory results contribute to a large part in finding a diagnosis for the patient. A high level of standardisation of the preanalytical process is required for plausible data and therefore correct laboratory results that help to exclude misdiagnoses or possibly wrong therapies.
A blood collection system that ensures reproducibility by providing a precisely defined vacuum and excludes variables that could arise, for example, from aspiration that can be generated manually to varying degrees, can be supportive. Additionally, following the correct preanalytical steps, which are described in more detail in our preanalytical brochure, contributes significantly to obtaining meaningful laboratory results.
However, not all influencing variables are in the hands of the person performing a blood collection. Patient-related influencing factors affect the concentration of a parameter and are taken into account in the reference values.
They can be constant throughout life, but they can also change in the same patient both in the long term and in the short term, from one day to the next or even during the day.These influences always come from the patient, their physical condition, or their lifestyle. They are considered when interpreting the results if the relevant information has been transmitted to the laboratory. Many of these influencing factors are known, such as gender-specific differences, age, body weight, pregnancy, physical stress, food intake.
The daily and short-term changeable influencing factors of various parameters also play a role that should not be underestimated. Some have their maximum in the morning, others at noon or in the evening. These deviations of individual parameters are not marginal, they can amount to up to 200% in the course of the day for some parameters.
In order to correctly assess patient parameters in the course of repeated blood collections, it is necessary to consider the daily and short-term changeable influencing factors. Here, the blood collection time plays an essential role. The influence of fluctuations in the daily rhythm is minimized by adhering to the recommended blood collection time between 7:00 am and 9:00 am.
If this is not possible and the blood collection takes place at different times, it is essential that the collection time is documented and transmitted so that parameters can be assessed correctly.
Source:
Preanalytics Manual: 980183_Preanalytics_Manual_e_rev05_0216_lowres.pdf (gbo.com)
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